AdicionandoRepositorios
ContentsBRTableOfContents(3) |
Necessita de tradução. Fonte: [http://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/Ubuntu Repostories HowTo] There are thousands of programs available to install on Ubuntu. These programs are stored in software archives (repositories) and are available for installation over the Internet. This makes it very easy to install new programs. It is also very secure, because each program you install is thoroughly tested and built specifically for Ubuntu. The Ubuntu software repository is organised into four "components", on the basis of the level of support Ubuntu can offer them, and whether or not they comply with Ubuntu's [http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/philosophy Free Software Philosophy]. The components are called The Ubuntu Install CDs contain software from the attachment:IconsPage/eyes.png This page describes how to manage software repositories in attachment:IconsPage/terminal.png The operations described on this page modify the software repositories configuration file located at Software sources can also be managed by making direct modifications to this file using the command line. If you prefer to use the command line instead of a graphical user interface, see [:../CommandLine: Managing Repositories from the Command Line] instead. Navigate to "System" > "Administration" > "Software Properties". attachment:menu-sw.png A list of repositories or "Channels" will be shown. Scroll down to the three entries that share the Click BR attachment:IconsPage/info.png The next time you use the You can also manage software repositories from within To launch the Synaptic Package Manager hit attachment:RepositoriesUbuntu01.png Next you will be prompted for your password to be able to launch Synaptic as super user. attachment:RepositoriesUbuntu02.png Once that's all done you should now have the Synaptic package manager on your screen. On the menu of this screen you will want to click on attachment:RepositoriesUbuntu03.png This is were you will be able to add the Canonical commercial repositories. on the left of the screen click on the button attachment:RepositoriesUbuntu04.png The Add Channel screen will come up. On this screen select the Custom option. attachment:RepositoriesUbuntu05.png On this screen type the following line and then click on deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu dapper-commercial main attachment:RepositoriesUbuntu06.png Now hit BR attachment:IconsPage/warning.png BR Anchor(add) You can add custom software repositories by adding the attachment:IconsPage/info.png For an explanation of the different parts of the apt line, see the [#edit Editing Repositories] section below.
If you have installed Ubuntu from one of Ubuntu's CD-ROMs, the CD will be included in the list of repositories used by the package managment tools. When you install a new package, Launch Synaptic and navigate to "Settings" > "Repositories". BR A list of software repositories or "Channels" will be shown. Locate the entry for the CD-ROM (it may say something like Click the To remove software sources ("Channels") from the list, select the source and click on the attachment:IconsPage/eyes.png Use with caution: At present, you will not be asked to confirm the remove action. This is not a problem with the Ubuntu repositories as you can simply [#add add them again], but you may have to look up a custom repository line if you mistakenly delete it. (It is always a good idea to back up your sources.list) To make changes to a software source, select it in the list and click the attachment:IconsPage/eyes.png The corresponding apt line has BR attachment:IconsPage/info.png Repositories defined using the BR attachment:IconsPage/info.png For more on apt and authentication keys, see [http://wiki.debian.org/SecureApt SecureApt] on the Debian Wiki. [:../CommandLine: Managing Software Repositories from the Command Line] Chapter 2 of the Ubuntu Desktop Guide, [http://help.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/desktopguide/C/add-applications.html Adding, Removing and Updating Applications] An [http://www.ubuntulinux.nl/source-o-matic automatic sources.list generator] The [http://www.debian.org/doc/user-manuals#apt-howto Debian Apt User Manual] What are Repositories?
Adding Repositories in Ubuntu
/etc/apt/sources.list
Adding the Universe and Multiverse Repositories
Community maintained (Universe) and Non-free (Multiverse) attributes: attachment:activate-repos.png
Synaptic package manager, click on the Reload button to make it aware of the new software repositories. attachment:reload.png Adding Canonical Commercial Repositories
Adding Other Repositories
deb http://mirror3.ubuntulinux.nl/ dapper-seveas freenx
Managing Local Repositories
Disable the CD-ROM Repository
CD disk with Ubuntu 6.06 LTS). Click on the checkbox next to it to disable the CD-ROM as a software source. Removing Repositories
Editing Repositories
Type Software sources may contain software in binary or source code format. Select the option that corresponds to the repository.
URI Enter a valid Uniform Resource Indicator or URI for the software repository. Here's a list of examples:
cdrom BR cdrom:[description_of_cd]/
ftp://ftp.domain.ext/path/to/repository
http://www.domain.ext/path/to/repository
file://path/to/repository
nfs (works only if the computer is connected to a NFS share) BR file://path/to/local/directory
Distribution BR Select the name of the distribution or the name of the distribution version. BR(dapper-seveas [#aptline in the example above].)
Components BR Select the repository section to access. Add more sections separated by spaces. BR(The [#aptline example repository] has a freenx section.)
Comment BRAdd a comment to describe the repository for easier reference. Managing Authentication Keys
Authentication keys are usually obtained from the maintainer of the software repository. The maintainer will often place a copy of the authentication key on a public key server such as www.keyserver.net. The key can then be retrieved using the command gpg --keyserver [name of keyserver] --recv-keys [keyhash]
gpg --keyserver subkeys.pgp.net --recv-keys 1135D466
gpg --export --armor 1135D466 | sudo apt-key add -
See also
man pages