Diff for "Synaptic" - Ubuntu Brazil

Synaptic

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Em progresso... Sendo traduzido de [https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SynapticHowto SynapticHowTo]

Veja também:

GerenciamentoDePacotes

O que é o Synaptic ?

O Synaptic é uma interface gráfica para o [http://www.debian.org/doc/user-manuals#apt-howto apt], o gerenciador de pacotes do Ubuntu. Ele combina a simplicidade do "aponta-e-clica" da interface gráfica com o poder da ferramenta via linha de comando [:AptGet:apt-get]. Você pode instalar, remover configurar ou atualizar pacotes, navegar, filtrar e procurar pela lista de pacotes disponíveis, gerenciar repositórios, ou atualizar o sistema inteiro. Você pode enfileirar uma quantidade de ações para serem executadas de uma só vez. O Synaptic informará quando [:InstalandoSoftware#head-e460358c2c37fdeda2043fedf4c82fd34221b4f3:dependências] forem necessárias, bem como conflitos com outros pacotes já instalados no seu sistema.

attachment:IconsPage/eyes.png O equivalente do Synaptic no desktop Kubuntu é o [http://web.mornfall.net/adept.html Adept].

Começando

Para iniciar o Synaptic, escolha Sistema > Administração > Gerenciador de Pacotes Synaptic.

attachment:synaptic-sm.png

A janela principal é dividida em três seções: navegador dos pacotes/categorias à esquerda, a lista dos pacotes no lado superior direito, e detalhes do pacote no lado esquerdo, abaixo. A barra de status mostra o estado do sistema e dicas de ferramentas.

Navegando pelos pacotes disponíveis

Para navegar na (enorme) lista de pacotes disponíveis pela categoria, seção, status do pacote, filtros customizados ou resultados da busca. Clique no botão correspondente na base do painel à esquerda da janela. Você também pode criar filtros customizados.

Para procurar pelo nome ou descrição, clique no botão Procurar na barra de ferramentas:

attachment:synaptic-find.png

Você pode examinar a descrição dos pacotes no painel do canto inferior direito, bem como seu tamanho, dependências, pacotes recomendados e/ou sugeridos, e uma breve descrição.

Adding or Removing Software

To install a package
- Click Reload or press Ctrl + R to make Synaptic aware of the latest updates.
- Right-click on the package and choose Mark for Installation from the context menu, or press Ctrl + I. If the package requires the installation of another package, a dialog box appears: attachment:synaptic-confirm-mk.png
  attachment:IconsPage/eyes.png Synaptic will warn you if your choices conflict with packages that are already installed on your system. If this is the case, the dialog box will show you any packages that need to be removed. If you are not sure you don't need the package(s) that will be removed, make sure you look up its function and use before you apply the changes you've made.
- Click Mark to allow the installation of the additional package(s).
- Once you're satisfied with your choices, click on Apply in the toolbar or press Ctrl + P.
- A dialog box appears with a summary of changes that will be made. attachment:synaptic-confirm-install.png
- Confirm the changes by clicking on Apply.

To remove or 'completely remove' a package
- Right-click on the package and choose Mark for Removal from the context menu
- Once you're satisfied with your choices, click on Apply in the toolbar or press Ctrl + P.
- A dialog box appears with a summary of changes that will be made. Confirm the changes by clicking on Apply.
attachment:IconsPage/eyes.png The Mark for Complete Removal option instructs Synaptic to remove any configuration files associated with the package as well.

To upgrade a package
- Click Reload or press Ctrl + R to make Synaptic aware of the latest updates.
- Right-click on the package and choose Mark for Upgrade from the context menu, or press Ctrl + U.
- Once you're satisfied with your choices, click on Apply in the toolbar or press Ctrl + P.
- A dialog box appears with a summary of changes that will be made. Confirm the changes by clicking on Apply.

Managing Repositories

You can manage the list of repositories or software channels from the Software Preferences Panel. To learn more about managing software channels in Ubuntu, see the [:Repositories/Ubuntu: Ubuntu Repositories wiki page]. You can call up the software preferences panel from within Synaptic by selecting Repositories from the Settings menu.

attachment:IconsPage/eyes.png As a front-end to apt, Synaptic uses the system-wide list of software repositories file located at

```
/etc/apt/sources.list 
```
For more on managing software channels, see the [:Repositories: Repositories wiki page].

Updating the Package List

Synaptic maintains a database of packages on your system in order to keep track of installed software. This list is checked against the software repositories to inform you of new packages or updates. Synaptic checks for new software packages when you launch Synaptic. It's a good idea to update the database from time to time while running Synaptic. In particular, you may want to do so if you have made changes to the list of software channels or if you have made changes to Synaptic's configuration. Just click on the Reload button or press Ctrl + R.

How to keep your system up-to-date

Synaptic provides two methods for upgrading your system:

Smart Upgrade (Dist-Upgrade) -- recommended BR The smart upgrade method tries to resolve package conflicts. This includes installing additional dependencies (required packages) if needed and preferring packages with higher priority. Smart Upgrade has the same effect as the apt-get dist-upgrade tool on the command line.
Default Upgrade BR The default upgrade method marks upgrades of installed packages only. If the new version of a package depends on not installed packages or coflicts with an already installed package, it will not be upgraded.
attachment:IconsPage/eyes.png Dist-upgrade is the default upgrade method used by Synaptic. To change the upgrade method, choose Preferences from the Settings menu, then click on the General tab and adjust the System upgrade entry.
To upgrade your system with Synaptic:
- Click Reload or press Ctrl + R to make Synaptic aware of the latest updates.
- Click Mark all Upgrades or press Ctrl + G.
- Click Apply on the toolbar or press Ctrl + P. A dialog appears with a summary of the changes that will be made to your system.
- Click Apply to confirm the changes and go ahead with the upgrade.

BR attachment:IconsPage/info.png Integration with Update-Manager

Synaptic works hand-in-hand with Update-Manager to inform you about updates to the software installed on your system. If software or security updates are available, Update-Manager will display a pop-up message and an icon in the notification area on your GNOME desktop. To update your system, click on the notification icon, enter your password and click OK.

attachment:update-notification.png

attachment:IconsPage/info.png You can change the frequency of update checks in the Software Preferences panel. Choose Repositories from the Settings menu, then click on the Internet Updates tab and adjust the Check for updates entry.

attachment:synaptic-check4updates.png

Locating software on your system

Synaptic can tell you about every file that belongs to a software package it knows about and show you where it is located on your system. Search the database for the software package you are interested in and select it in Synaptic's main window. Next, click on the Installed Files tab to see a list of all files and where they are.

View the Changelog of a Package

attachment:IconsPage/eyes.png Applies to native Debian (.deb) packages only

You can view the changelog of a package with Synaptic. Select a package, then choose Download Changelog from the Package menu.

View History

You can easily keep track of all changes made to your system's software configuration. To view the history log file, choose History from the File menu.

attachment:IconsPage/eyes.png The history log only shows changes made with Synaptic.

How to force the installation of a package version

attachment:IconsPage/eyes.png To be added: Why you would (and would not) want to force a specific version

To force the installation of a package different from the one chosen by Synaptic, do the following:
- Click Reload or press Ctrl + R to make Synaptic aware of the latest updates.
- Select the package. Choose Force Version from the Package menu.
- Select the version you would like to use. To confirm your decision, click Force.
- Click Apply on the toolbar or press Ctrl + P. A dialog appears with a summary of the changes that will be made to your system. To confirm, press Apply.

How to fix broken packages

attachment:IconsPage/warning.png 'Broken packages' are packages that have unsatisfied dependencies. If broken packages are detected, Synaptic will not allow any further changes to the system until all broken packages have been fixed.

To fix broken packages
- Choose Edit > Fix Broken Packages from the menu.
- Choose Apply Marked Changes from the Edit menu or press Ctrl + P.
- Confirm the summary of changes and click Apply.

BR Anchor(statusicons)

Status Icons

The following icons are used to indicate the status of a package in the package list:

attachment:synaptic-icon-legend.png

Troubleshooting

What to do if an installation process fails and you find it is no longer possible to install or remove packages:
- Open a Terminal and type the following at the command line:
```
apt-get install -f 
```
  Then press Return.
Browser works, Synaptic will not (note: probably inaccurate or outdated)
- If the router is set to auto discover DNS then Synaptic will fail. Resolve this by setting up a static ip address and manually set DNS ip in router. Now Ubuntu (system-administration-networking) config static ip and enter your ISP dns ip and delete router DNS ip which will look something like 192.168.1.1

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-== Keyboard shortcuts for Synaptic ==

[[BR]]

 ||<tablestyle="font-size: 0.9em; background:#f1f1ed; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; padding:0.5em;" rowbgcolor="#dde3e7" tablewidth="80%"> '''Command''' ||<:> '''Key Combination''' ||
 || Update the list of available packages ||<:> '''Ctrl + R''' ||
 || Open the package search dialog ||<:> '''Ctrl + F''' ||
 || Show the Properties window for the selected package ||<:> '''Ctrl + O'''||
 || Mark the selected package(s) for installation ||<:> '''Ctrl + I''' ||
 || Mark the selected package(s) for upgrade ||<:> '''Ctrl + U''' ||
 || Mark the selected package(s) for removal ||<:> '''Delete''' ||
 || Mark the selected package(s) for complete removal ||<:> '''Shift + Delete''' ||
 || Unmark any changes to packages ||<:> '''Ctrl + N''' ||
 || Mark all possible upgrades ||<:> '''Ctrl + G''' ||
 || Force the installation of a specific version of the package ||<:> '''Ctrl + E''' ||
 || Undo the last change ||<:> '''Ctrl + Z''' ||
 || Redo the last change ||<:> '''Ctrl + Shift + Z''' ||
 || Apply all marked changes ||<:> '''Ctrl + P''' ||
 || Quit Synaptic ||<:> '''Ctrl + Q''' ||

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